| Miss World | |
|---|---|
Logo of the Miss World event. |
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| Formation | 1951 |
| Type | Beauty pageant |
| Headquarters | London |
| Location | United Kingdom |
| Official languages | English |
| President | Julia Morley |
| Key people | Eric Morley |
| Website | Official website |
The Miss World pageant is the oldest surviving major international beauty pageant. It was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley in 1951.[1][2] Since his death in 2000, Morley's wife, Julia Morley, co-chairs the pageant.[3]
Alongside its rival Miss Universe and Miss Earth, this pageant is one of the most publicised beauty contests in the world.[4][5][6]
The winner spends a year travelling to represent the Miss World Organization and its various causes.[7] Traditionally, Miss World lives in London during her reign. The current Miss World is Ivian Sarcos of Venezuela.
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Miss World started as the Festival Bikini Contest, in honour of the recently introduced swim wear of the time, but was called "Miss World" by the media. It was originally planned as a one-off event. Upon learning about the upcoming Miss Universe pageant, Morley decided to make the pageant an annual event.[8][9]
Opposition to the wearing of bikinis led to their replacement with more modest swim wear after the first contest. In 1959, the BBC started broadcasting the competition. The pageant's popularity grew with the advent of television. During the 1960s and 1970s, Miss World would normally be the highest rated programme of the year on British television, usually pulling in around 30 million viewers.
In the 1980s, the pageant repositioned itself with the slogan Beauty With a Purpose, with added tests of intelligence and personality.[10] However, the competition has been seen as old-fashioned and rather politically incorrect in its native Britain. It was during the 80s that the company was owned by Transworld Communications, albeit for a short time. Despite the global appeal, the show was not broadcast on any major terrestrial British TV network for several years, until Channel 5 aired it in 1998.[11][12]
Eric Morley died as the pageant entered the new century. His wife, Julia, succeeded as chairwoman of the Miss World Organization.[13]
The century saw its first black African winner, Agbani Darego of Nigeria, in 2001. As part of its marketing strategy, Miss World came up with a "You Decide" television special during that edition, featuring the delegates behind the scenes and on the beach, and allowing viewers to either phone in or vote online for their favourites. It also sells its Talent, Beach Beauty and Sports events as television specials to broadcasters.[14]
In 2002 the pageant was slated for choosing Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria to host its final. This choice was controversial, as a northern Nigerian woman, Amina Lawal, was awaiting death by stoning for adultery under Sharia law there, but Miss World chose to use the publicity surrounding its presence to bring greater global awareness and action to Amina's plight (see Controversies section).[15][16]
The Miss World Organization owns and manages the annual Miss World Finals, a competition that has grown into one of the world’s biggest.[17] Since its launch in 1951, the Miss World Organization has raised more than £250 million for children’s charities.[18] Miss World is franchised in more than 100 countries.[19][20] Miss World, Limited is a privately held firm, and thus figures for its earnings, expenses and charitable contributions are not publicly available.
Aside from raising millions of pounds for charities around the globe under the banner of its 'Beauty with a Purpose' program, Miss World is also credited with directly influencing a dramatic increase in tourism in Sanya, China, host city of the Miss World finals in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, and 2010.[21]
In the year preceding the global finals, each delegate must win her national title or a specially designated Miss World national preliminary. Miss World's national preliminaries are conducted by their licence-holders, who hold the franchise to use the "Miss World" name in their country. The annual final is typically a month long event, with several preliminary galas, dinners, balls and activities, culminating in a globally telecast final show in which the field is narrowed to between 15–20 delegates.
Since 2003 Miss World pageant also features Fast Track events during the preliminary round. The winners of Fast Track events are automatically qualified to enter the final round. Fast Track events which have been used since 2003 are:
| Total | Country | Fast Track Awards | Winning years |
|---|---|---|---|
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3
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| Canada | Miss Talent | 2009 | |
| Miss Sports | 2003, 2006 | ||
| Mexico | Top Model | 2004, 2009 | |
| Beach Beauty | 2008 | ||
| United States | Miss Sports | 2007 | |
| Beach Beauty | 2004 | ||
| Miss Talent | 2002 | ||
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2
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| Barbados | Miss Talent | 2001, 2008 | |
| Ireland | Miss Talent | 2010 | |
| Beach Beauty | 2003 | ||
| Northern Ireland | Miss Sports | 2010 | |
| Miss Talent | 2006 | ||
| Russia | Top Model | 2008 | |
| Beach Beauty | 2005 |
For the full list of venues, see List of Miss World titleholders.
For the full details. see Full Country Rankings for Miss World.
| Year | Country/Territory | Miss World | Location | Pageant Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | TBA | TBA | Ordos, China | 4 July |
| 2011 | Venezuela | Ivian Sarcos | London, United Kingdom | 6 November |
| 2010 | USA | Alexandria Mills | Sanya, China | 30 October |
| 2009 | Gibraltar | Kaiane Aldorino | Johannesburg, South Africa | 12 December |
| 2008 | Russia | Ksenia Sukhinova | Johannesburg, South Africa | 13 December |
| 2007 | China | Zhang Zilin | Sanya, China | 1 December |
| 2006 | Czech Republic | Taťána Kuchařová | Warsaw, Poland | 30 September |
| 2005 | Iceland | Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir | Sanya, China | 10 December |
| 2004 | Peru | María Julia Mantilla | Sanya, China | 4 December |
| 2003 | Ireland | Rosanna Davison | Sanya, China | 6 December |
| 2002 | Turkey | Azra Akın | London, United Kingdom | 7 December |
| 2001 | Nigeria | Agbani Darego | Sun City, South Africa | 16 November |
| 2000 | India | Priyanka Chopra | London, United Kingdom | 30 November |
| Country/Territory | Titles | Winning years |
|---|---|---|
| Venezuela |
6
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1955, 1981, 1984, 1991, 1995, 2011 |
| India |
5
|
1966, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2000 |
| United Kingdom | 1961, 1964, 1965, 1974 (resigned), 1983 | |
| United States |
3
|
1973, 1990, 2010 |
| Sweden | 1951, 1952, 1977 | |
| Jamaica | 1963, 1976, 1993 | |
| Iceland | 1985, 1988, 2005 | |
| Russia |
2
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1992, 2008 |
| Peru | 1967, 2004 | |
| Austria | 1969, 1987 | |
| Germany | 1956, 1980 (resigned) | |
| Argentina | 1960, 1978 | |
| South Africa | 1958, 1974 (took over title in November 1974) | |
| Australia | 1968, 1972 | |
| Netherlands | 1959, 1962 | |
| Gibraltar |
1
|
2009 |
| China | 2007 | |
| Czech Republic | 2006 | |
| Ireland | 2003 | |
| Turkey | 2002 | |
| Nigeria | 2001 | |
| Israel | 1998 | |
| Greece | 1996 | |
| Poland | 1989 | |
| Trinidad & Tobago | 1986 | |
| Dominican Republic | 1982 | |
| Guam | 1980 (took over title on 28 November 1980) | |
| Bermuda | 1979 | |
| Puerto Rico | 1975 | |
| Brazil | 1971 | |
| Grenada | 1970 | |
| Finland | 1957 | |
| Egypt | 1954 | |
| France | 1953 |
| Continent | Titles | Countries |
|---|---|---|
| Europe |
28
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United Kingdom* (5), Iceland and Sweden (3), Austria, Germany*, Netherlands and Russia (2), Czech Republic, Finland, France, Gibraltar, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Poland and Turkey (1) |
| Americas |
14
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Venezuela (6), United States (3), Argentina and Peru (2), Bermuda and Brazil (1) |
| Asia & Oceania |
9
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India (5), Australia (2), Guam* and China (1) |
| Caribbean |
7
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Jamaica (3), Dominican Republic, Grenada, Puerto Rico and Trinidad and Tobago (1) |
| Africa |
4
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South Africa* (2), Egypt and Nigeria (1) |
The following is a list of Continental Queens of Beauty winners since 2004.
| Year | Americas | Africa | Asia & Oceania | Caribbean | Europe | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 |
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Gwendoline Ruais
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Amanda Vilanova
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Alize Lily Mounter
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| 2010 |
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Xiao Tang
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Aiasha Gustave
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Emma Britt Waldron
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| 2009 |
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| 2008 |
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| 2007 |
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| 2006 |
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(as Asia-Pacific)
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| 2005 |
(as Asia-Pacific)
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| 2004 |
Maria Karla Bautista
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These are the countries with the most Continental Queen of Beauty titles per continental group (region in bold) throughout the years:
| Country | Titles | Awarded as | Winning years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Venezuela |
12
|
Americas | 1981, 1984, 1987, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1999, 2008, 2011 |
| South Africa |
11
|
Africa | 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2009, 2011 |
| Jamaica |
8
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Caribbean | 1990, 1991, 1993, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2006 |
| Australia |
6
|
Oceania | 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1988, 1989 |
|
1
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Asia & Oceania | 1991 | |
|
1
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Asia-Pacific | 2006 | |
| India |
7
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Asia & Oceania | 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2008 |
| Israel |
3
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Asia | 1983, 1984, 1985 |
|
2
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Europe | 1998, 1999 | |
| Croatia |
3
|
Europe |
1993, 1994, 1995 |
| Iceland | 2005 (as Northern Europe), 1988, 1985 | ||
| Ireland | 1990, 2003, 2010 | ||
| Turkey | 1991, 1997, 2002 | ||
| United Kingdom | 1981, 1983, 1984 |
The following is a list of hosts and invited artists from 1999 to 2010:
| Year | Hosts | Invited Artists |
|---|---|---|
| 2011 | Angela Chow, Jason Cook, Steve Douglas | Diversity, Blue and Ramin Karimloo |
| 2010 | Angela Chow, Steve Douglas | Shayne Ward, Dave Koz and Carlos Aponte |
| 2009 | Angela Chow, Michelle McLean and Steve Douglas | Umoja |
| 2008 | Angela Chow and Tumisho Masha | Alesha Dixon & McFly |
| 2007 | Angela Chow and Fernando Allende | Duncan James, Haikou Artistic Group & The South African Mvezo Choir |
| 2006 | Tim Vincent, Angela Chow, and Grażyna Torbicka | Westlife, Robin Gibb and Amici |
| 2005 | Tim Vincent and Angela Chow | Alexander O’Neal |
| 2004 | Troy McClain, Angela Chow and Lisa Snowdon | Lionel Richie and Il Divo |
| 2003 | Phil Keoghan, Amanda Byram and Angela Chow | Luis Fonsi and Bryan Ferry |
| 2002 | Sean Kanan and Claire Elizabeth Smith | Chayanne and BBMak |
| 2001 | Jerry Springer and Claire Elizabeth Smith | Umoja |
| 2000 | Jerry Springer and Rebecca de Alba | Bond and S Club 7 |
| 1999 | Ulrika Jonsson and Melanie Sykes | Westlife, Robert Palmer and Enrique Iglesias |
The Miss World pageant has been the target of many controversies since its inception.
In the year leading up the finals in Nigeria, several European title holders lobbied their governments and the EU parliament to support Amina Lawal's cause.[36][37] A number of contestants followed the lead of Kathrine Sørland of Norway in boycotting the contest (despite the controversy Sørland would go on to become a semifinalist in both the Miss World and Miss Universe contest), while others such as Costa Rica were instructed by their national governments and parliaments not to attend the contest. Among the other boycotting nations were Denmark, Spain, Switzerland, Panama, Belgium and Kenya. There was further controversy over the possibly suspended participation of France and South Africa, which may or may not have been due to the boycott.[38] For her part, Lawal asked that contestants not suspend their participation in the contest, saying that it was for the good of her country and that they could, as the representative of Sweden had earlier remarked, make a much stronger case for her on the ground in Nigeria.[39]
Despite the increasing international profile the boycott was garnering in the world press, the contest went ahead in Nigeria after being rescheduled to avoid taking place during Ramadan, with many prominent nations sending delegates. Osmel Sousa of Venezuela, one of the world's most influential national directors, famously said "there is no question about it (the participation of Miss Venezuela in the contest)." The trouble did not end there, however. A ThisDay (Lagos, Nigeria) newspaper editorial suggesting that Muhammad would probably have chosen one of his wives from among the contestants had he been alive to see it, resulted in inter-religious riots that started on 22 November in which over 200 people were killed in the city of Kaduna, along with many houses of worship being burned by religious zealots.[40] Because of these riots, the 2002 pageant was moved to London, following widely circulated reports that the representatives of Canada and Korea had withdrawn from the contest and returned to their respective countries out of safety concerns. A fatwa urging the beheading of the woman who wrote the offending words, Isioma Daniel, was issued in Nigeria, but was declared null and void by the relevant Saudi Arabian authorities.[41][42][43][44] Upon the pageant's return to England, many of the boycotting contestants chose to attend, including Miss Norway, Kathrine Sørland, who was ironically tipped in the last few days as the number one favourite for the crown she had previously boycotted.[45][46][47][48][49]
The eventual winner of the pageant was Azra Akın of Turkey, the first predominantly Muslim country to hold the title since Egypt in 1954.[50]
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